December 2025 – Emergency Medicine Education

New Guideline for Migraine Treatment

December 22, 2025December 22, 2025Pourmand

The American Headache Society recently published updated guidelines for the acute treatment of migraine in adult patients presenting to the emergency department. Based on the strength of available evidence, intravenous prochlorperazine was classified as highly likely to be effective, supported by multiple Class I studies. Intravenous metoclopramide and intravenous ketorolac (personal opinion: we have to […]

Complicated vs Non complicated UTI

December 10, 2025December 10, 2025Pourmand

In a recent guideline, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) distinguished between complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs). Recognizing that prior definitions were often vague and overly broad, the guideline adopted a more straightforward approach, categorizing infections based on whether they are localized to the bladder or extend beyond it, in conjunction with […]